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The effect of short-term exposure to a low-frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 10 μT) and thermal stress (water heating at a rate of 8 °C/h) on amylolytic (AA) and proteolytic (PA) activities, and maltase (AM) activity in the intestine, as well as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and water-soluble protein (WSP) content in the brain of juvenile crucian carp Carassius gibelio fed a diet for 2 months with low (LMC; 0.07 mg/kg wet weight) and high (HMC; 0.182 mg/kg w.w) mercury were studied. The mercury content in the fish muscles of the HMC group (0.40 and 0.66 mg/kg) was approximately 2 times higher compared to the LMC group (0.22 and 0.30 mg/kg) after 1st and 2nd months of exposure, respectively. After 2 months of the experiment, AA increased by 30-48%, PA decreased by 30% only in the HMC group, while statistically significant differences were not revealed in the fish of the LMC and HMC groups. At this time AM levels were 77% (LMC) and 340% (HMC) higher compared to their values after 1st month, and simultaneously it was 36% higher in the HMC group than in the LMC group. No. changes in AChE activity were revealed either in different months or between the LMC and HMC groups. The WSP content was 40% lower in the fish of the LMC group in the 2nd month compared to the 1st month. Subsequent temperature stress (T) decreased AA and PA, electromagnetic field (EMF) and its combination with T, as a rule, increased the activity of these enzymes in fish of both groups. A decrease in the activity of AChE (EMF+T) and WSP (T) was found only in fish of the HMC group. In general, mercury entering with food increases the activity of the studied digestive enzymes, but does not affect the brain AChE activity and WSP content decreases only in the 1st month. Subsequent temperature stress and the action of EMF can change the magnitude and direction of the effect. The obtained results are important for assessing the environmental risks of chronic mercury exposure in areas of thermal and electromagnetic pollution of water bodies.
crucian carp, digestive enzymes, intestine, acetylcholinesterase, water-soluble protein, brain, mercury, bioaccumulation, electromagnetic field, temperature stress
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